珊瑚树离体叶片光合、蒸腾特性的变化

对珊瑚树离体叶片光合，蒸腾特性研究结果表明，珊瑚树叶片离体的短时间内（2h），在供水情况下，一年生叶净光合速率有一定程度的下降，二年生叶则几乎没有下降，两种叶片蒸腾速率基本不变，而不供水叶片净光合速率和蒸腾速率为化很大。在低温，黑暗，供水条件下，可延长离体叶片生理活性的保存时间，但至12h，各种光合参数发生了较大的变化。     

无土栽培观叶植物净光合速率及环境因子动态变化的初步研究

对无土栽培观叶植物的光合速率及环境因子动态变化的初步研究，结果表明，无土栽培观叶植物生长良好，光合速率较高，随时间变化，八角金盘光合速率变化较小，其次为万年青，最后发财树。在晴到少云天气上，无土栽培观叶植物在一天中环境因子的变化较复杂。在无土栽培过程中，对耐荫植物八角金盘必须加强遮荫，同时进行喷雾，而万年青、发财树中性、阳性植物则需进行适当的遮荫，以达到最适的生长环境条件。     

Determining the Ecological Compensation Standard Based on Forest Multifunction Evaluation and Financial Net Present Value Analysis: A Case Study in Southwestern Guangxi,China

ABSTRACT

There is growing concern that public benefits from forests are underprovided in current forest management regimes and need to be increased through policy and economic measures that promote conservation. Ecological compensation is a type of institutional arrangement for the sustainable use of ecosystem services achieved by adjusting the distribution of costs and benefits among different stakeholders using economic measures. However, how to accurately and reasonably determine the compensation standard for ecological services has not been guided by scientific methods and theories. This study provides an estimation of the compensation standard for forest ecological services based on the forest multifunction evaluation and financial net present value analysis, and a case study was performed in Southwest China. The results showed that most forest types brought some economic loss to the managers but contributed great ecological benefits to the public when they were managed as ecological forests. It is crucial to incentivize forest managers to participate in voluntary conservation programs through ecological compensation. The results of this analysis can potentially guide sustainable forest management by both accurate quantification of the value of forest ecosystem services and an improved understanding of the costs of voluntary forest conservation schemes currently in use in many countries.     

论林道网的技术评价

林道网的评价是对原有路网进行技术改造和森林开发中进行休道网规划设计工作的重要组成部分,不经过认真的评价,就难以作出林道网规划方案的科学决策。本文在深入研究林道网技术评价的基础上.提出并推荐使用林道网密度、适应性、顺达性、吻合性和平均车速等6项评价指标,从而使林道网的技术评价工作有了较完整的指标体系,以利于林道网的实际评价工作。     

热带山地雨林生态系统水文化学循环规律的研究

根据５ａ定位观测，对尖峰岭热带山地雨林更新林生态系统的水文化学循环规律数据分析表明，年均降雨量为２６６８．３ｍｍ，其中总径流量占４６．７％，蒸散量５３．３％，冠层留量１４．０％。Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ的年均降雨输入量为７８．４ｋｇ（ｈｍ＾２．ａ），总径流输出５６．７ｋｇ／（ｈｍ＾２．ａ），净积累２１．６ｋｇ／（ｈｇｍ＾２．ａ），Ｓｉ，有机Ｃ、Ａｌ、Ｍｎ的年均降雨输入量为２５．０ｋｇ（ｈｍ＾２．ａ）     

新育优良无性系741杨光合特性的初步分析

741杨的净光合速率随入射光强度增高而增大。光补偿点为700～900lx,光饱和点出现在5～5.5万lx.饱和光强下净光合速率为16.11mgC0_2·dm~(-2)·h~(-1).光合速率随叶顺序的变化趋势是,刚展开的叶片光合速率较低,最大冷光合速率出现在12～15片叶,以后又逐渐下降。光呼吸随叶顺序变化呈下降趋势。光合作用季节变化中,6～9月光合速率均较高,10月份显著下降。对照易县毛白杨的光合作用变化。模式与741杨基本一致,但光合速率值低于741杨,这与它们在生长上的差异是一致的。     

Dry matter production and nutrient cycling in agroforestry systems of cardamom grown underAlnus and natural forest

A study on dry matter production and nutrient cycling in agroforestry systems of cardamom grown under N₂-fixingAlnus and mixed tree species (non-N₂-fixing) was carried out in the Sikkim Himalaya. The stand total biomass, and tiller number, basal area and biomass of cardamom crop was much higher under the influence ofAlnus. Annual net primary productivity ofAlnus trees was slightly higher than mixed tree species in spite of lower stand density ofAlnus. The agronomic yield of cardamom increased by 2.2 times under the canopy ofAlnus. Litter production and its disappearance rates were also higher in theAlnus-cardamom stand. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of different components ofAlnus were higher than those of mixed tree species, whereas their back translocation from leaf before abscission was lower inAlnus. The cardamom based agroforestry system under the influence ofAlnus was more productive with faster rates of nutrient cycling. The poor nutrient conservation and low nutrient use efficiency ofAlnus, and malleability of nutrient cycling under its influence make it an excellent association which promotes higher availability and faster cycling of nutrients.     

中国森林植物病害信息网站建设

我国现有森林植物病虫害种类8 000多种(森林植物病害2 000余种),其中对森林造成严重危害的有200多种.     

东北平原农田防护林规格的研究

东北平原农田防护林已经形成了比较完整的林网体系。本研究分析了农田防护林网全方位的防风作用、防霜作用以及林网内的综合气候效益场。在林网内,全方位防风效能大于10%的区域为防护效益区。作物产量和质量分析表明,林网的防护范围为25倍树高。根据高生长分析确定了构成农田防护林主要杨树品种的成林高度。根据综合分析确定适宜农田防护林网的规格为400m×400m。图7表3参11。     

云南红豆杉扦插苗和实生苗的生长及光合特性

为摸清云南红豆杉实生苗和扦插苗在生长和光合特性方面的特性和差异,在田间条件下,以2年苗龄的云南红豆杉实生苗和扦插苗为研究对象,用Licor-6400便携式光合作用测定系统测定了实生苗和扦插苗的光响应曲线和光合生理日变化,同时对实生苗和扦插苗生长、树形和生物量进行测定分析。结果表明:云南红豆杉实生苗的生长量、生物量和光合生理指标都基本优于扦插苗。实生苗的冠幅和生物量较扦插苗优势明显,实生苗净光合速率(Pn)总体高于扦插苗。实生苗净光合速率日变化呈双峰曲线,存在明显的"光午休"现象,扦插苗光合日变化呈单峰曲线。同时,实生苗对光环境和水分环境的适应能力优于扦插苗。实生苗在光补偿点和近光饱和点之间存在的光能利用区间大于扦插苗,实生苗的Pn和WUE的日积分值都大于扦插苗。